The well-known Chinese “four great jades” are “Hetian jade” of Xinjiang, “Xiuyan jade” of Xiuyan town of Liaoning province, “Dushan jade” of Nanyang town of Henan province and “calaite” of Yun town of Hubei province.
Hetian jade
Hetian jade is mainly distributed in Xinjiang’s Shache — Tashikuergan town, Hetian — Yutian town and Qiemo town. This kind of jade contains tiny diopside, ophiolite, black lead and magnet and other minerals. The colors of the jade vary. There are white, turquoise, black and yellow and other colors. Most of the jade is monochrome jade, and a few are variegated. The quality of the jade is semitransparent, and after polishing, the colors are similar to that of fat. Its rigidity ranges from 5.5 degrees to 6.5 degrees. Hetian jade can usally be found mountains’ rock where the altitude is between 3,500 meters to 5,000 meters.
The breed of Hetian jade can be divided into eight species according to different colors and degrees of purity. They are white jade, suet white jade, white-greenish jade, gray jade, yellow jade, sugar jade, dark jade and jasper.
Xiuyan jade
Xiuyan jade is produced from Xiuyan town of Liaoning province. Xiuyan town is a beautiful place where natural resources are plentiful. After millions of years of natural evolution, the land agglomerated radiance of the sun and moon and then produced the world-famous national treasure curio —Xiuyan jade.
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