The Jiangxi Provincial Museum, located at Nanchang City, is a province-level historical museum of China. It was prepared in 1953 and officially opened to the public as a topological comprehensive museum on July 1, 1961. In 1971 it became a specialized museum engaged in archeological excavation and collection and study of historic relics. In October 1978, its name was changed into the Jiangxi Provincial Historical Museum. In August 1980, the Jiangxi Provincial Historical Museum and the Jiangxi Provincial Revolutionary Museum merged into the Jiangxi Provincial Museum.

The Museum has collected 34,000 items of collection. The basic exhibitions are composed of the Exhibition of Jianxi Ancient Civilization History, the Exhibition of Jiangxi Revolutionary Relics and the Exhibition of Jiangxi Ancient Ceramics. The overwhelming majority of the exhibits are the ceramics through the ages unearthed at the various places of Jiangxi, such as the ceramics with printed patterns from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties (c.2100-221BC), the celadon from the Six Dynasties Period (the six dynasties between the downfall of the Han in 220 and the reunification of China in 589 which had their capital what is known Nanjing), the celadon from the Song Dynasty (960-1279), the celadon porcelain with red enamel from the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368) and the pink porcelain and five-colored porcelain from the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368-1911). The products from the renowned Hongzhou Kiln, Jizhou Kiln and Jingdezhen Kiln are more unique. In addition to the ceramics, the Museum has also collected a large number of gold vessel, silverware, bronze, jade and ancient painting and calligraphy. Among the exhibits are also the periodicals ofthe New Jiangxiandthe Red Lantern Weekly(edited by Zhao Xingnong) published at the time of the May 4th Movement, the lithographic printing ofthe Manifesto of the Communist Partypublished in the Soviet Area, the bronze ink-box presented by Deng Daiyuan to the local cadres, the medal awarded to Ceng Zhaoxiu who encouraged her husband to join the Red Army in Wantai County, the mine cast with the characters ofDown with Imperialism, the celadon bowl printed with the characters ofLong Live the Victory of Red Armyand the patterns of sickle, axe and Red Army's field map, and the lantern for navigation mark used for PLA-men crossing the Yangtze River.

The Museum has held the Exhibition of Mt. Jinggangshan Revolutionary Struggles, the Archeology Exhibition of Gui Xiya's Tomb, the Exhibition of Scientific and Technical Achievements of Ancient China in Agriculture and the Exhibition of Painting and Calligraphy of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Exhibited in Bucharest, the capital of Romania, and Japan were the Exhibition of Art Ceramics through the Ages and the Exhibition of Ancient Relics of Jiangxi respectively. The periodical edited by the Museum isthe Revolutionary Relics of Jiangxi.