The ACWF practices an organizational system of local women's federations and group members. The local women's federations at various levels are set up according to the state administrative divisions. Women workers' committees of trade unions in factories, mines and enterprises, and those at upper levels are all group members of the ACWF. At present there are about 60,000 federations at or above the township and neighborhood level, 980,000 women's representatives' committees and women's committees at the grassroots-level, and about 5,800 local group members at various levels. The highest power organ of the ACWF is the National Women's Congress held every five years. The Standing Committee is the leading organ when the Executive Committee is not in session. Under it there is the Secretariat, made up of the First Member and several Members who are elected by the Standing Committee and in charge of the daily work. The ACWF has the Human Resources Department, Women Development Department, Rights and Interests Department, Publicity Department, Children Department and International Liaison Department.
The successive leaders of the All-China Women's Federation are as follows:
The honorary chairwoman of the first Executive Committee of the ACWF is He Xiangning, and its executive chairwoman is Cai Chang. The second and third honorary chairwomen are Soong Qingling and He Xiangning, chairwoman Cai Chang. The fourth honorary chairwomen are Soong Qingling, Cai Chang and Deng Yingchao, chairwoman Kang Keqing. The fifth chairwoman is Kang Keqing. The sixth honorary chairwoman is Kang Keqing and chairman of the sixth and seventh Cheng Muhua. Chen Muhua is the present honorary chairwoman and Peng Peiyun is the present chairwoman of the Executive Committee of the ACWF.
All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce
Founded in November 1953, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce is a non-governmental chamber of commerce under the leadership of the CPC. An organization of united front, it was formed by the CPPCC to serve as a political pillar for the socialist construction.
The business circles participated in the preparatory meeting and the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in 1949. Late Premier Zhou Enlai put forward the proposal of establishing the Chinese federation of industry and commerce in October 1951, and the next year a preparatory committee was set up. The Organic Regulations of the Chinese Federation of Industry and Commerce promulgated by the Government Administrative Council in August 1952 stipulated the essential component of the Chinese federation of industry and commerce and its fundamental tasks.
The first member meeting of All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce convened in October 1953 demonstrated its formal establishment. Since its establishment, All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce conscientiously participated in the discussion over the general line in the transitional period, and formulation and implementation of principles and policies guiding national economic construction. The Federation united with the vast numbers of industrialists and businessmen, and played an active role in consolidating the people's democratic dictatorship, restoring the development of national economy, and carrying out the socialist transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce. Since the reform and opening up, the Federation has been following the Party's basic line of "one central task and two basic points", and upholding the glorious tradition of "being patriotic, devoted, and law-abiding". Much work has been done for training and bringing up a contingent of leading figures of non-public ownership economy and for encouraging and guiding the development of non-public ownership economy.
The fourth and fifth member meeting of the federation, convened consecutively in 1979 and 1983, revised its constitution and defined its tasks in the new period. The federation shall unite and organize all its members work hard for the realization of the socialist modernization, return of Taiwan to the motherland by strengthening the ties with Taiwan, Hongkong and Macaw Compatriots and overseas Chinese, and friendship with foreign counterparts as well, and vigorously participating in the reform and opening to the outside. The sixth member meeting in 1988 further defined the nature of the federation. It is a non-governmental chamber of industry and commerce featured by united front, non-government and economy.
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